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EFFECTS OF AN EXCLUSION DIET ON INFLAMMATION MARKERS AND MAINTENANCE OF REMISSION IN PATIENTS WITH QUIESCENT IBD – A 1-YEAR PROSPECTIVE TRIAL

Doina Istratescu 1, Carmen Preda 2,1, Maria Nitescu 3, Teodora Manuc 2,1, Edouard Louis 4, Mircea Manuc 2,1, Tudor Stroie 2,1, Meianu Corina 2,1, Mircea Diculescu 2,1

Affiliations

1 Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania

2 UMF „Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania

3 National Institute for Infectious Diseases Prof. Dr. Matei Bals, Bucharest, Romania

4 CHU Liège and Liège University, Liège, Belgium

Summary

AI Generated

A one-year study of 168 IBD patients found that an exclusion diet eliminating red meat, processed foods, and other pro-inflammatory items maintained clinical remission in 95.2% of participants versus 85.7% on a regular diet.

The exclusion diet removed red and processed meat, fried foods, high-lactose foods, fast food, white bread, sweetened drinks, and omega-6-rich vegetable oils for one year.
Clinical remission was maintained significantly more often in the exclusion diet group (80 of 84 patients, 95.2%) compared to controls (72 of 84, 85.7%; p=0.036).
90% of participants adhered to the exclusion diet frequently or always, and the diet was well tolerated.
Fecal calprotectin was lower in the exclusion diet group at one year (9.5% versus 16.7% above 300 mcg/g), though this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.171).
The study concludes that the exclusion diet should be presented to all IBD patients as a potential intervention, based on its role in maintaining remission and the link between Western-style diets and IBD.

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This summary was generated by an AI large language model based on the content transcript. It is for informational purposes only and should not be considered a substitute for clinical judgment. Always rely on your professional expertise and the full clinical context when making clinical decisions.

Abstract

Introduction

Recent research has shown that there is considerable interest in studying inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) due to the potential for dietary interventions to be used as a therapeutic approach for their onset and progression. Evidence suggests that Western-style diets, with high intake of processed foods, food additives, red meat, and animal fat, have been associated with an increased risk of IBD.

Aims & Methods

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the link between an anti-inflammatory exclusion diet and the maintenance of IBD remission, as well as to assess the potential therapeutic advantages of this dietary approach in preserving IBD remission.The inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to a total of 189 individuals with IBD, with 21 individuals not meeting the criteria. Therefore, 168 eligible patients were enrolled in the study and allocated to either an exclusion diet or a regular diet, based on their personal preference.

Results

A cohort of 84 adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was recruited for the study. The cohort included 47.6% males, with 44 patients having ulcerative colitis (UC) and 40 having Crohn's disease (CD). The intervention group received an exclusion diet consisting of the removal of red and processed meat, fried foods, high-lactose foods, fast food, white bread, sweetened drinks, and vegetable oils rich in omega-6 for a period of 1 year. An equivalent number of IBD patients with similar demographics and disease types formed the control group. The exclusion diet was well tolerated, with 90% of participants adhering to it frequently or always. The study demonstrated that the clinical response was maintained in 80 patients (95.2%) in the intervention group, which was significantly higher than the 72 patients (85.7%) in the control group (p-value=0.036). Although not statistically significant, fecal calprotectin was higher in the control group than in the intervention group at the one-year follow-up interval. Additional information is provided in Table 1.

Parameter	All patients (168)	Exclusion diet (n=84)	Control (n=84)	p-value*
Sex (male)	80(47.6)	40 (47.6)	40 (47.6)	1.000
Age (years)	41.5 (18-77)	43.5 (23-77)	39.5 (18-72)	0.371
Immunosuppressive treatment Azathioprine Methotrexate	30 (17.9) 4 (2.4)	10 (11.9) 2 (2.4)	20(23.9) 2 (2.4)	0.083
Biologic treatment Infliximab Adalimumab Vedolizumab Ustekinumab Tofacitinib	48(28.6) 44 (26.2) 32 (19.1) 8 (4.8) 4 (2.4)	22 (26.2) 24 (28.6) 10 (11.9) 4 (4.8) 2 (2.4)	26 (31) 20 (23.8) 22 (26.2) 4 (4.8) 2 (2.4)	0.033
Combo therapy	30 (17.9)	10 (11.9)	20 (23.9)	0.069
Other IBD treatment	28 (16.7)	20 (23.8)	8 (9.5)	0.022
Initial fecal calprotectin>300 mcg/g	34 (20.2)	18 (21.4)	16 (19)	0.443
Fecal calprotectin>300 mcg/g after one year	22 (13.1)	8 (9.5)	14 (16.7)	0.171
Clinical remission after one year	152 (90.5)	80 (95.2)	72 (85.7)	0.036

Conclusion

Patients who adhere to an exclusion diet have the chance of a significantly higher rate of maintenance of clinical remission (95% versus 86% in the control group). A trend toward improvement in inflammation tests was observed in the intervention group, confirming once again that Western-style diet is an important etiological factor in IBD. Therefore, it is recommended that the exclusion, anti-inflammatory diet be presented to all patients diagnosed with IBD as a potential intervention.

Conference

UEG Week Copenhagen 2023

Topics

IBD

Submission format

Abstract

Session

PP 05 IBD (Posters)

Citation

United European Gastroenterology Journal 2023; 11 (Supplement 8)

Published

2023

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