Introduction
In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) surveillance, current ESGE guidelines recommend a minimum neoplasia detection rate (NDR) of >8%, whilst desirable detection rates have not been defined.1 These recommendations, however, are based on a limited number of studies, predominantly carried out in academic referral centres.
Aims & Methods
We aimed to evaluate NDR in IBD surveillance at a nationwide level, assessing performance across all endoscopists to determine whether existing detection rate thresholds should potentially be adjusted. Furthermore, to assess if conventional adenoma detection rate (ADR) in colorectal cancer screening correlates with NDR in IBD surveillance. We utilized data from the Swedish Registry for Colorectal Cancer Screening and Colonoscopy (SveReKKS), a prospectively entered, web-based national register. Data were retrieved for the period April 2019 to October 2025. Variables extracted from the registry included indication for colonoscopy, bowel preparation, ileocecal intubation, presence of suspected malignancy, polyp detection, biopsy or removal of polyp, and corresponding histopathological results. Neoplasia detection was defined as dysplasia in lesions that were removed or biopsied. Data were not available for lesions that were not classified as polyps or cancer in the registry, nor for cases of “invisible” dysplasia (i.e., dysplasia in random biopsies). Adequate bowel preparation was defined as Boston Bowel Preparation Scale score >6 in total, with an individual segment score of ≥2.
Results
In total, 8,757 IBD surveillance colonoscopies were performed by 333 endoscopists. After excluding endoscopists that had registered less than 50 IBD surveillance colonoscopies, 3,386 endoscopies and 40 endoscopists remained. The mean age of the patients in the cohort was 53 (SD 15) years and 58% were male. Bowel preparation was adequate in 95% of colonoscopies and ileocecal intubation was achieved in 97%. The overall NDR was 8.8% (95% CI 7.9, 9.8%), and cancer detection rate was 0.15% (95% CI 0.05, 0.34%). Endoscopist-specific NDR ranged from 0.8% to 21.8%, with substantial variation across NDR quintiles (Table 1). The second-highest quintile (60–80%) and highest quintile (80–100%) of endoscopists had detection rates of 9.6–13.0% and 13.2–21.8%, respectively. Overall, 22 endoscopists registered more than 50 colonoscopies for both colorectal cancer screening and IBD surveillance. Among these endoscopists, adenoma detection rate (ADR) and NDR demonstrated a moderate-to-strong correlation (R² = 0.59; β = 0.37 [95% CI 0.23–0.52]). A higher ADR was associated with a NDS, each 10 percentage-point increase in ADR corresponded to an estimated 3.7 percentage-point increase in NDR (95% CI 2.3 to 5.2). However, among endoscopists with a NDR <8%, ADR still ranged widely from 32% to 58%.
NDR quintile
| NDR range (%)
| NDR (95CI) (%)
| ADR (95CI) (%) |
20–40%
| 3.7–5.6 | 4.9 (2.8–8.3)
| 39.7 (33.8–45.9)
|
| 40–60% | 6.0–9.4
| 8.3 (6.1–11.2)
| 57.5 (52.9–62.0)
|
60–80%
| 10.1–11.3 | 10.8 (7.3–15.9)
| 59.1 (52.2–65.6)
|
80–100%
| 13.0–21.8
| 15.8 (13.0–19.1)
| 67.0 (63.0–70.7)
|
Conclusion
These results indicate that the current European guidelines for NDR in IBD surveillance seem reasonable, however, higher detection rates can be achieved. Therefore, raising the minimum NDR threshold in IBD surveillance, and setting desirable thresholds, can be considered. Furthermore, although a high ADR in colorectal cancer screening correlated with NDR, this correlation was not absolute, suggesting that deidicated training in neoplasia detection in IBD surveillance may be required.
References
1. Dekker E et al. Performance measures for colonoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease patients: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Quality Improvement Initiative. Endoscopy. 2022 Sep;54(9):904-915. doi: 10.1055/a-1874-0946. Epub 2022 Jul 29. PMID: 35913069.