Introduction
Colorectal adenomatous polyp is a precancerous lesion. Screening for detection and removal of colorectal adenomatous polyps has been shown to reduce mortality related to colorectal cancer. Recent studies have shown that colorectal adenomatous polyp is associated with atherosclerosis. Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and ankle-brachial index (ABI) are non-invasive methods to evaluate atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease as well as peripheral artery disease. This study aimed to investigate the association between atherosclerosis and high-risk adenoma based on CAVI and ABI.
Aims & Methods
We retrospectively analyzed data of patients aged ≥ 50 years who had CAVI, ABI, and a colonoscopy from August 2015 to December 2021 in Kangwon National University Hospital. After having a colonoscopy, subjects were divided into groups with and without adenoma or high-risk adenoma (size ≥ 1 cm, high-grade dysplasia or villous adenoma, 3 or more adenomas) based on pathologic findings. Data were then subjected to univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.
Results
A total of 1,164 subjects were included. Adenomas were found in 613 (52.6%) subjects and the high-risk adenomas were found in 118 (10.1%) subjects. The rate of positive ABI (< 0.9) and positive CAVI (≥ 9.0) were significantly higher in the high-risk adenoma group (22.0% and 55.9%) than those in the no adenoma (12.3% and 39.6%) and the overall adenoma group (15.7% and 44.0%) (p = 0.008 and p = 0.006, respectively). In a multivariate analysis, positive CAVI and smoking were significantly associated with high-risk adenoma (p = 0.027 and p = 0.021, respectively).
Conclusion
In this study, a significant correlation between positive CAVI and high-risk adenoma was observed. The use of CAVI could be a significant predictor of the presence of a high-risk adenoma.
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