Mistakes in faecal incontinence management and how to avoid them

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Mistakes in faecal incontinence management and how to avoid them

Kestutis Adamonis, Sadé L Assmann, Stéphanie O Breukink

Summary

AI Generated

An article reviews common mistakes in treating faecal incontinence and strategies to avoid them, drawing on evidence and clinical experience.

Faecal incontinence is chronic involuntary loss of bowel content that causes embarrassment, shame, low self-esteem, and depression, significantly affecting quality of life.
Treatment approaches vary and less invasive options should be tried before considering more invasive treatments.
Treatment decisions should account for contributing factors, physician and patient preferences, and available procedures.
The material is intended for clinicians managing faecal incontinence who want to improve treatment outcomes by avoiding common errors.

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This summary was generated by an AI large language model based on the content transcript. It is for informational purposes only and should not be considered a substitute for clinical judgment. Always rely on your professional expertise and the full clinical context when making clinical decisions.

References

Mistakes

References

Mistake 1 Mistake 2 Mistake 3 Mistake 4 Mistake 5 Mistake 6 Mistake 7 Mistake 8 Mistake 9

Rao SS, Bharucha AE, Chiarioni G, Felt-Bersma R, Knowles C, Malcolm A, et al. Anorectal disorders. Gastroenterology. 2016;150(6):1430-42. e4. [Link]

Olsson F, Berterö C. Living with faecal incontinence: trying to control the daily life that is out of control. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2015;24(1-2):141-50. [Link]

Bartlett L, Nowak M, Ho Y-H. Impact of fecal incontinence on quality of life. World journal of gastroenterology: WJG. 2009;15(26):3276. [Link]

Deutekom M, Terra M, Dobben A, Dijkgraaf M, Baeten C, Stoker J, et al. Impact of faecal incontinence severity on health domains. Colorectal Disease. 2005;7(3):263-9. [Link]

Wilson M. The impact of faecal incontinence on the quality of life. British Journal of Nursing. 2007;16(4):204-7. [Link]

Assmann SL, Keszthelyi D, Kleijnen J, Anastasiou F, Bradshaw E, Brannigan AE, et al. Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of Faecal Incontinence—A UEG/ESCP/ESNM/ESPCG collaboration. United European gastroenterology journal. 2022;10(3):251-86. [Link]

Bharucha AE, Zinsmeister AR, Locke GR, Seide BM, McKeon K, Schleck CD, et al. Prevalence and burden of fecal incontinence: a population-based study in women. Gastroenterology. 2005;129(1):42-9. [Link]

Madoff RD, Parker SC, Varma MG, Lowry AC. Faecal incontinence in adults. The Lancet. 2004;364(9434):621-32 [Link]

Mowatt G, Glazener CM, Jarrett M. Sacral nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence and constipation in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2007(3). [Link]

10.

Brochard C, Chambaz M, Ropert A, l’Héritier AM, Wallenhorst T, Bouguen G, et al. Quality of life in 1870 patients with constipation and/or fecal incontinence: constipation should not be underestimated. Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology. 2019;43(6):682-7 [Link]

11.

Ng KS, Nassar N, Hamd K, Nagarajah A, Gladman M. Prevalence of functional bowel disorders and faecal incontinence: an Australian primary care survey. Colorectal Disease. 2015;17(2):150-9. [Link]

12.

Cotterill N, Norton C, Avery KN, Abrams P, Donovan JL. A patient-centered approach to developing a comprehensive symptom and quality of life assessment of anal incontinence. Diseases of the colon & rectum. 2008;51(1):82-7. [Link]

13.

Maeda Y, Vaizey C, Hollington P, Stern J, Kamm M. Physiological, psychological and behavioural characteristics of men and women with faecal incontinence. Colorectal Disease. 2009;11(9):927-32. [Link]

14.

Riemsma R, Hagen S, Kirschner-Hermanns R, Norton C, Wijk H, Andersson K-E, et al. Can incontinence be cured? A systematic review of cure rates. BMC medicine. 2017;15(1):1-11. [Link]

15.

Bharucha AE, Zinsmeister AR, Locke GR, Seide BM, McKeon K, Schleck CD, et al. Risk factors for fecal incontinence: a population-based study in women. LWW; 2006. p. 1305-12. [Link]

16.

Whitehead WE, Borrud L, Goode PS, Meikle S, Mueller ER, Tuteja A, et al. Fecal incontinence in US adults: epidemiology and risk factors. Gastroenterology. 2009;137(2):512-7. e2. [Link]

17.

Rey E, Schleck CD, Zinsmeister AR, Locke III GR, Talley NJ. Onset and risk factors for fecal incontinence in a US community. The American journal of gastroenterology. 2010;105(2):412. [Link]

18.

Matzel K, Stadelmaie U, Gall F, Hohenfellner M. Electrical stimulation of sacral spinal nerves for treatment of faecal incontinence. The Lancet. 1995;346(8983):1124-7. [Link]

19.

Brochard C, Mege D, Bridoux V, Meurette G, Damon H, Lambrescak E, et al. Is Sacral nerve modulation a good option for fecal incontinence in men? Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface. 2019;22(6):745-50. [Link]

20.

Mellgren A, Wexner SD, Coller JA, Devroede G, Lerew DR, Madoff RD, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of sacral nerve stimulation for fecal incontinence. Diseases of the colon & rectum. 2011;54(9):1065-75. [Link]

21.

Janssen PT, Kuiper SZ, Stassen LP, Bouvy ND, Breukink SO, Melenhorst J. Fecal incontinence treated by sacral neuromodulation: long-term follow-up of 325 patients. Surgery. 2017;161(4):1040-8. [Link]

Abstract

People with faecal incontinence (FI) suffer from chronic involuntary loss of bowel content. Patients often experience embarrassment, shame, low self-esteem, and depression, affecting their quality of life. Treatment approaches vary, and less invasive options should be tried before considering more invasive treatments. It's important to consider contributing factors, physician and patient preferences, and available procedures. This article discusses common mistakes in treating faecal incontinence and how to avoid them, based on evidence and clinical experience.

Topics

Neurogastroenterology & Motility

Citation

Assmann S L, Breukink S O and Keszthelyi D. Mistakes in faecal incontinence management and how to avoid them. UEG Education 2023; 23: 1-3.

Published

2023

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Mistakes in Familial Mediterranean Fever and how to avoid them

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References

Mistakes

References

Mistake 1 Mistake 2 Mistake 3 Mistake 4 Mistake 5 Mistake 6 Mistake 7 Mistake 8 Mistake 9

Rao SS, Bharucha AE, Chiarioni G, Felt-Bersma R, Knowles C, Malcolm A, et al. Anorectal disorders. Gastroenterology. 2016;150(6):1430-42. e4. [Link]

Olsson F, Berterö C. Living with faecal incontinence: trying to control the daily life that is out of control. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2015;24(1-2):141-50. [Link]

Bartlett L, Nowak M, Ho Y-H. Impact of fecal incontinence on quality of life. World journal of gastroenterology: WJG. 2009;15(26):3276. [Link]

Deutekom M, Terra M, Dobben A, Dijkgraaf M, Baeten C, Stoker J, et al. Impact of faecal incontinence severity on health domains. Colorectal Disease. 2005;7(3):263-9. [Link]

Wilson M. The impact of faecal incontinence on the quality of life. British Journal of Nursing. 2007;16(4):204-7. [Link]

Madoff RD, Parker SC, Varma MG, Lowry AC. Faecal incontinence in adults. The Lancet. 2004;364(9434):621-32 [Link]

Mowatt G, Glazener CM, Jarrett M. Sacral nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence and constipation in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2007(3). [Link]

10.

11.

Ng KS, Nassar N, Hamd K, Nagarajah A, Gladman M. Prevalence of functional bowel disorders and faecal incontinence: an Australian primary care survey. Colorectal Disease. 2015;17(2):150-9. [Link]

12.

13.

Maeda Y, Vaizey C, Hollington P, Stern J, Kamm M. Physiological, psychological and behavioural characteristics of men and women with faecal incontinence. Colorectal Disease. 2009;11(9):927-32. [Link]

14.

Riemsma R, Hagen S, Kirschner-Hermanns R, Norton C, Wijk H, Andersson K-E, et al. Can incontinence be cured? A systematic review of cure rates. BMC medicine. 2017;15(1):1-11. [Link]

15.

Bharucha AE, Zinsmeister AR, Locke GR, Seide BM, McKeon K, Schleck CD, et al. Risk factors for fecal incontinence: a population-based study in women. LWW; 2006. p. 1305-12. [Link]

16.

Whitehead WE, Borrud L, Goode PS, Meikle S, Mueller ER, Tuteja A, et al. Fecal incontinence in US adults: epidemiology and risk factors. Gastroenterology. 2009;137(2):512-7. e2. [Link]

17.

Rey E, Schleck CD, Zinsmeister AR, Locke III GR, Talley NJ. Onset and risk factors for fecal incontinence in a US community. The American journal of gastroenterology. 2010;105(2):412. [Link]

18.

Matzel K, Stadelmaie U, Gall F, Hohenfellner M. Electrical stimulation of sacral spinal nerves for treatment of faecal incontinence. The Lancet. 1995;346(8983):1124-7. [Link]

19.

20.

21.

Janssen PT, Kuiper SZ, Stassen LP, Bouvy ND, Breukink SO, Melenhorst J. Fecal incontinence treated by sacral neuromodulation: long-term follow-up of 325 patients. Surgery. 2017;161(4):1040-8. [Link]

Abstract

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), also called periodic disease, Armenian disease, etc., is a prototypical autoinflammatory disorder where the underlying mechanism is the dysfunction of innate immunity, resulting in unprovoked episodes of inflammation.¹ Although considered rare worldwide, it is prevalent in people of Mediterranean origin; however, one can expect to encounter patients in all parts of the modern world. FMF is a monogenic disease with autosomal recessive inheritance.² Unlike other monogenic disorders, the diagnosis remains largely clinical, and it is important to understand the limitations of genetic testing. Another distinguishing feature is the well-established effectiveness of lifelong monotherapy with colchicine in preventing attacks and complications.³

Topics

Primary Care

Published

2025

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UEG Podcast Episode

UEG Podcast

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Management of gastric preneoplastic lesions (MAPS 3) - what’s new? With Mario Dinis-Ribeiro (Part 2)

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Abstract

Topics

Stomach & H. Pylori

Published

2025

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Mistakes in the management of carbohydrate intolerance and how to avoid them

Johann Hammer, Heinz Florian Hammer, Mark Fox

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References

Mistakes

References

Mistake 1 Mistake 2 Mistake 3 Mistake 4 Mistake 5 Mistake 6 Mistake 7 Mistake 8 Mistake 9

Rao SS, Bharucha AE, Chiarioni G, Felt-Bersma R, Knowles C, Malcolm A, et al. Anorectal disorders. Gastroenterology. 2016;150(6):1430-42. e4. [Link]

Olsson F, Berterö C. Living with faecal incontinence: trying to control the daily life that is out of control. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2015;24(1-2):141-50. [Link]

Bartlett L, Nowak M, Ho Y-H. Impact of fecal incontinence on quality of life. World journal of gastroenterology: WJG. 2009;15(26):3276. [Link]

Deutekom M, Terra M, Dobben A, Dijkgraaf M, Baeten C, Stoker J, et al. Impact of faecal incontinence severity on health domains. Colorectal Disease. 2005;7(3):263-9. [Link]

Wilson M. The impact of faecal incontinence on the quality of life. British Journal of Nursing. 2007;16(4):204-7. [Link]

Madoff RD, Parker SC, Varma MG, Lowry AC. Faecal incontinence in adults. The Lancet. 2004;364(9434):621-32 [Link]

Mowatt G, Glazener CM, Jarrett M. Sacral nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence and constipation in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2007(3). [Link]

10.

11.

Ng KS, Nassar N, Hamd K, Nagarajah A, Gladman M. Prevalence of functional bowel disorders and faecal incontinence: an Australian primary care survey. Colorectal Disease. 2015;17(2):150-9. [Link]

12.

13.

Maeda Y, Vaizey C, Hollington P, Stern J, Kamm M. Physiological, psychological and behavioural characteristics of men and women with faecal incontinence. Colorectal Disease. 2009;11(9):927-32. [Link]

14.

Riemsma R, Hagen S, Kirschner-Hermanns R, Norton C, Wijk H, Andersson K-E, et al. Can incontinence be cured? A systematic review of cure rates. BMC medicine. 2017;15(1):1-11. [Link]

15.

Bharucha AE, Zinsmeister AR, Locke GR, Seide BM, McKeon K, Schleck CD, et al. Risk factors for fecal incontinence: a population-based study in women. LWW; 2006. p. 1305-12. [Link]

16.

Whitehead WE, Borrud L, Goode PS, Meikle S, Mueller ER, Tuteja A, et al. Fecal incontinence in US adults: epidemiology and risk factors. Gastroenterology. 2009;137(2):512-7. e2. [Link]

17.

Rey E, Schleck CD, Zinsmeister AR, Locke III GR, Talley NJ. Onset and risk factors for fecal incontinence in a US community. The American journal of gastroenterology. 2010;105(2):412. [Link]

18.

Matzel K, Stadelmaie U, Gall F, Hohenfellner M. Electrical stimulation of sacral spinal nerves for treatment of faecal incontinence. The Lancet. 1995;346(8983):1124-7. [Link]

19.

20.

21.

Janssen PT, Kuiper SZ, Stassen LP, Bouvy ND, Breukink SO, Melenhorst J. Fecal incontinence treated by sacral neuromodulation: long-term follow-up of 325 patients. Surgery. 2017;161(4):1040-8. [Link]

Abstract

Carbohydrates not absorbed in the small intestine are fermented by colonic bacteria to organic acids and gases(e.g. carbon dioxide, hydrogen and methane), part of which is absorbed in the colon, the other part remaining in the lumen. Large interindividual differences have been demonstrated for the production of such acids and gas. Carbohydrate malabsorption can be diagnosed by using the hydrogen breath test, because the gases produced after administration of a provocative dose of carbohydrate are unique products of bacterial carbohydrate fermentation.

Topics

Small Intestine & Nutrition

Citation

Hammer HF, Hammer J and Fox M. Mistakes in the management of carbohydrate intolerance and how to avoid them. UEG Education 2019; 19: 9–14

Published

2019

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Mistakes in Familial Mediterranean Fever and how to avoid them

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Management of gastric preneoplastic lesions (MAPS 3) - what’s new? With Mario Dinis-Ribeiro (Part 2)

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Mistakes in the management of carbohydrate intolerance and how to avoid them

Johann Hammer

Mistakes in nutrition in IBD and how to avoid them

Richard K Russell

Mistakes in short bowel and how to avoid them

Simon Gabe

Mistakes in inflammatory bowel disease and reproduction and how to avoid them

C. Janneke van der Woude

UEG Mistakes In Articles

Share via Email Share on Facebook Share on X Share on LinkedIn Share on Bluesky

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Mistakes in nutrition in IBD and how to avoid them

Richard K Russell, Konstantinos Gerasimidis

Summary

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Summary is not available for this content yet.

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References

Mistakes

References

Mistake 1 Mistake 2 Mistake 3 Mistake 4 Mistake 5 Mistake 6 Mistake 7 Mistake 8 Mistake 9

Rao SS, Bharucha AE, Chiarioni G, Felt-Bersma R, Knowles C, Malcolm A, et al. Anorectal disorders. Gastroenterology. 2016;150(6):1430-42. e4. [Link]

Olsson F, Berterö C. Living with faecal incontinence: trying to control the daily life that is out of control. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2015;24(1-2):141-50. [Link]

Bartlett L, Nowak M, Ho Y-H. Impact of fecal incontinence on quality of life. World journal of gastroenterology: WJG. 2009;15(26):3276. [Link]

Deutekom M, Terra M, Dobben A, Dijkgraaf M, Baeten C, Stoker J, et al. Impact of faecal incontinence severity on health domains. Colorectal Disease. 2005;7(3):263-9. [Link]

Wilson M. The impact of faecal incontinence on the quality of life. British Journal of Nursing. 2007;16(4):204-7. [Link]

Madoff RD, Parker SC, Varma MG, Lowry AC. Faecal incontinence in adults. The Lancet. 2004;364(9434):621-32 [Link]

Mowatt G, Glazener CM, Jarrett M. Sacral nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence and constipation in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2007(3). [Link]

10.

11.

Ng KS, Nassar N, Hamd K, Nagarajah A, Gladman M. Prevalence of functional bowel disorders and faecal incontinence: an Australian primary care survey. Colorectal Disease. 2015;17(2):150-9. [Link]

12.

13.

Maeda Y, Vaizey C, Hollington P, Stern J, Kamm M. Physiological, psychological and behavioural characteristics of men and women with faecal incontinence. Colorectal Disease. 2009;11(9):927-32. [Link]

14.

Riemsma R, Hagen S, Kirschner-Hermanns R, Norton C, Wijk H, Andersson K-E, et al. Can incontinence be cured? A systematic review of cure rates. BMC medicine. 2017;15(1):1-11. [Link]

15.

Bharucha AE, Zinsmeister AR, Locke GR, Seide BM, McKeon K, Schleck CD, et al. Risk factors for fecal incontinence: a population-based study in women. LWW; 2006. p. 1305-12. [Link]

16.

Whitehead WE, Borrud L, Goode PS, Meikle S, Mueller ER, Tuteja A, et al. Fecal incontinence in US adults: epidemiology and risk factors. Gastroenterology. 2009;137(2):512-7. e2. [Link]

17.

Rey E, Schleck CD, Zinsmeister AR, Locke III GR, Talley NJ. Onset and risk factors for fecal incontinence in a US community. The American journal of gastroenterology. 2010;105(2):412. [Link]

18.

Matzel K, Stadelmaie U, Gall F, Hohenfellner M. Electrical stimulation of sacral spinal nerves for treatment of faecal incontinence. The Lancet. 1995;346(8983):1124-7. [Link]

19.

20.

21.

Janssen PT, Kuiper SZ, Stassen LP, Bouvy ND, Breukink SO, Melenhorst J. Fecal incontinence treated by sacral neuromodulation: long-term follow-up of 325 patients. Surgery. 2017;161(4):1040-8. [Link]

Abstract

The relationship between nutrition and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been an area of substantial interest and research for many decades now. Evidence-based nutritional strategies are being utilised as a key part of the therapeutic armamentarium in Crohn’s disease for both induction and maintenance, as primary and adjuvant treatment methods. Exclusive enteral nutrition, for instance, is well established in the treatment of paediatric IBD and adult centres are increasingly incorporating it into treatment models as an effective, drug-free alternative. The role for partial enteral nutrition and Crohn’s disease specific diets are also being more clearly elucidated. Used appropriately, and through engagement with dietetic support services, nutritional therapies can not only achieve the IBD treatment ‘targets’ but serve to optimise other vital aspects of care, such as growth, bone health, body composition and overall patient well-being. Here we discuss some of the mistakes that are frequently made in the area of nutritional management of IBD. The discussion is evidence based, with key references incorporated for further analysis beyond the scope of this article, and combines several decades of leading clinical and research experience in the area of nutrition and IBD from the authors.

Topics

Small Intestine & Nutrition

Citation

Meredith J, Russell RK and Gerasimidis K. Mistakes in nutrition in IBD and how to avoid them. UEG Education 2020; 20: 25–30.

Published

2020

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UEG Mistakes In Articles

Share via Email Share on Facebook Share on X Share on LinkedIn Share on Bluesky

This content is part of Gutflix. Log in with your myUEG account, or create one free, to watch it.

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Mistakes in short bowel and how to avoid them

Simon Gabe, Jeremy Nightingale, Siddhartha Oke

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AI Generated

Summary is not available for this content yet.

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References

Mistakes

References

Mistake 1 Mistake 2 Mistake 3 Mistake 4 Mistake 5 Mistake 6 Mistake 7 Mistake 8 Mistake 9

Rao SS, Bharucha AE, Chiarioni G, Felt-Bersma R, Knowles C, Malcolm A, et al. Anorectal disorders. Gastroenterology. 2016;150(6):1430-42. e4. [Link]

Olsson F, Berterö C. Living with faecal incontinence: trying to control the daily life that is out of control. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2015;24(1-2):141-50. [Link]

Bartlett L, Nowak M, Ho Y-H. Impact of fecal incontinence on quality of life. World journal of gastroenterology: WJG. 2009;15(26):3276. [Link]

Deutekom M, Terra M, Dobben A, Dijkgraaf M, Baeten C, Stoker J, et al. Impact of faecal incontinence severity on health domains. Colorectal Disease. 2005;7(3):263-9. [Link]

Wilson M. The impact of faecal incontinence on the quality of life. British Journal of Nursing. 2007;16(4):204-7. [Link]

Madoff RD, Parker SC, Varma MG, Lowry AC. Faecal incontinence in adults. The Lancet. 2004;364(9434):621-32 [Link]

Mowatt G, Glazener CM, Jarrett M. Sacral nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence and constipation in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2007(3). [Link]

10.

11.

Ng KS, Nassar N, Hamd K, Nagarajah A, Gladman M. Prevalence of functional bowel disorders and faecal incontinence: an Australian primary care survey. Colorectal Disease. 2015;17(2):150-9. [Link]

12.

13.

Maeda Y, Vaizey C, Hollington P, Stern J, Kamm M. Physiological, psychological and behavioural characteristics of men and women with faecal incontinence. Colorectal Disease. 2009;11(9):927-32. [Link]

14.

Riemsma R, Hagen S, Kirschner-Hermanns R, Norton C, Wijk H, Andersson K-E, et al. Can incontinence be cured? A systematic review of cure rates. BMC medicine. 2017;15(1):1-11. [Link]

15.

Bharucha AE, Zinsmeister AR, Locke GR, Seide BM, McKeon K, Schleck CD, et al. Risk factors for fecal incontinence: a population-based study in women. LWW; 2006. p. 1305-12. [Link]

16.

Whitehead WE, Borrud L, Goode PS, Meikle S, Mueller ER, Tuteja A, et al. Fecal incontinence in US adults: epidemiology and risk factors. Gastroenterology. 2009;137(2):512-7. e2. [Link]

17.

Rey E, Schleck CD, Zinsmeister AR, Locke III GR, Talley NJ. Onset and risk factors for fecal incontinence in a US community. The American journal of gastroenterology. 2010;105(2):412. [Link]

18.

Matzel K, Stadelmaie U, Gall F, Hohenfellner M. Electrical stimulation of sacral spinal nerves for treatment of faecal incontinence. The Lancet. 1995;346(8983):1124-7. [Link]

19.

20.

21.

Janssen PT, Kuiper SZ, Stassen LP, Bouvy ND, Breukink SO, Melenhorst J. Fecal incontinence treated by sacral neuromodulation: long-term follow-up of 325 patients. Surgery. 2017;161(4):1040-8. [Link]

Abstract

Short bowel is a condition that occurs after single or multiple intestinal resections. The incidence of short bowel in Europe is 2 per million of the population and it carries with it lifelong morbidity and mortality. The initial recognition and management of short bowel in the adult population tends to occur in the postoperative period and in the secondary care setting, where specialist input from clinicians experienced in short bowel is often lacking.

Topics

Small Intestine & Nutrition

Citation

Oke SM, Nightingale JM and Gabe SM Mistakes in short bowel and how to avoid them. UEG Education 2018; 18: 7–11.

Published

2018

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Mistakes in the management of carbohydrate intolerance and how to avoid them

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Mistakes in nutrition in IBD and how to avoid them

Richard K Russell

Mistakes in short bowel and how to avoid them

Simon Gabe

Mistakes in inflammatory bowel disease and reproduction and how to avoid them

C. Janneke van der Woude

UEG Mistakes In Articles

Share via Email Share on Facebook Share on X Share on LinkedIn Share on Bluesky

This content is part of Gutflix. Log in with your myUEG account, or create one free, to watch it.

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Mistakes in inflammatory bowel disease and reproduction and how to avoid them

C. Janneke van der Woude, Shannon Kanis

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AI Generated

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References

Mistakes

References

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Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing gastrointestinal disease, often affecting young people during their fertile years. The chronic character of IBD means that lifelong medical treatment is often required. As such, it is not surprising that questions often arise about fertility and pregnancy in patients with IBD. The most important risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes in IBD patients is the presence of disease activity during pregnancy. Indeed, negative pregnancy outcomes (e.g. spontaneous abortion, preterm delivery and low birth weight) are associated with disease activity at the time of conception and during pregnancy.

Topics

IBD Primary Care

Citation

Cite this article as: Kanis SL and van der Woude CJ. Mistakes in inflammatory bowel disease and reproduction and how to avoid them. UEG Education 2016: 16: 20–23.

Published

2024

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