This guideline presents recommendations for the management of coeliac disease (CD) and other gluten-related disorders both in adults and children.
There has been a substantial increase in the prevalence of CD over the last 50 years and many patients remain undiagnosed. Diagnostic testing, including serology and biopsy should be performed on a glutencontaining diet.
The diagnosis of CD is based on a combination of clinical, serological and histopathological data. In a group of children the diagnosis may be made without biopsy if strict criteria are available.
The treatment for CD is primarily a gluten-free diet (GFD), which requires significant patient education, motivation, and follow-up. Slow-responsiveness occurs frequently, particularly in those diagnosed in  adulthood.
Persistent or recurring symptoms necessitate a review of the original diagnosis, exclude alternative diagnoses, confirm dietary adherence (dietary review and serology) and follow-up biopsy. In addition, evaluation to exclude complications of CD, such as refractory CD or lymphoma, should be performed. The guideline also deals with other gluten-related disorders, such as dermatitis herpetiformis, which is a cutaneous manifestation of CD characterized by granular IgA deposits in the dermal papillae. The skin lesions clear with gluten withdrawal. Also, less well-defined conditions such as non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) and gluten-sensitive neurological manifestation, such as ataxia and have been addressed.
Newer therapeutic modalities for CD are being studied in clinical trials, but are not yet approved for use in practice.

Keywords: Coeliac disease; seronegative coeliac disease; dermatitis herpetiformis; non-coeliac gluten sensitivity; gluten ataxia; neurocoeliac; coeliac neuropathy; slow-responder coeliac; refractory coeliac disease; enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma

Introduction

Achalasia is a primary motor disorder of the oesophagus characterised by absence of peristalsis and insufficient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxation. With new advances and developments in achalasia management, there is an increasing demand for comprehensive evidence-based guidelines to assist clinicians in achalasia patient care.

Methods
These guidelines were established in accordance with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument. A systematic review of the literature was performed and the certainty in the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. Recommendations were voted upon using a nominal group technique.

Results
These guidelines specifically focus on the definition of achalasia, treatment aims, diagnostic tests, medical, endoscopic and surgical therapy, management of treatment failure, follow-up and oesophageal cancer risk.

Conclusion
These multidisciplinary UEG and ESNM guidelines provide a comprehensive evidence-based framework with recommendations on the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of adult achalasia patients.

Keywords: Dysphagia; oesophagus; manometry; myotomy; motility; esophagus

This guideline will inform physicians, nurses, dieticians, pharmacists, caregivers and other home enteral nutrition (HEN) providers about the indications and contraindications for HEN, and its implementation and monitoring. Home parenteral nutrition is not included but will be addressed in a separate ESPEN guideline. This guideline will also inform interested patients requiring HEN. The guideline is based on current evidence and expert opinion and consists of 61 recommendations that address the indications for HEN, relevant access devices and their use, the products recommended, the monitoring and criteria for termination of HEN, and the structural requirements needed to perform HEN. We searched for meta-analyses, systematic reviews and single clinical trials based on clinical questions according to the PICO format. The evidence was evaluated and used to develop clinical recommendations implementing the SIGN method. The guideline was commissioned and financially supported by ESPEN and the members of the guideline group were selected by ESPEN.

Keywords: Crohn's disease, Ulcerative colitits, Enteral nutrition, Parenteral nutrition, Nutritional therapy