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Microbiome: From IBS and the Gut-Brain Axis to IBD Outcomes

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Microbiome: From IBS and the Gut-Brain Axis to IBD Outcomes

Konrad Aden 1, Daniel Keszthelyi 2

Affiliations

1 IKMB + First Medical Department, Kiel, Germany

2 Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands

Summary

AI Generated

The speakers presented evidence that Western lifestyle-driven changes in gut microbial auxotrophy and tryptophan metabolism link microbiome alterations to both IBS and IBD, with emerging diagnostic and therapeutic implications through metabolite analysis.

The speakers reported that in twin studies using 16S RNA analysis, age and sharing a household were the most important factors determining microbial composition, more so than host genetics.
Higher microbial auxotrophy (inability to synthesize essential compounds like amino acids) correlated with less industrialized microbiomes, and the speakers stated that tryptophan auxotrophs were dramatically reduced in IBD cohorts.
Combining microbiome and metabolome analysis provided higher discrimination for IBS versus healthy controls than either method alone, according to studies from the speakers' colleagues in Maastricht.
The speakers described enterochromaffin cells with neuropods, recently discovered structures that form synapse-like connections with nerve endings and can transduce microbial signals like flagellin into vagal neuron stimulation affecting feeding behavior in mice.
Fecal volatile organic compound analysis differentiated IBS phenotypes and predicted response to low-FODMAP diet in work by Chris Broberg's group, as stated by the speakers.
The speakers noted that while systematic reviews show probiotics have a positive effect above placebo in IBS, the effect is small and most studies have not been reproduced, limiting evidence-based recommendations for specific formulations.

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This summary was generated by an AI large language model based on the content transcript. It is for informational purposes only and should not be considered a substitute for clinical judgment. Always rely on your professional expertise and the full clinical context when making clinical decisions.

Abstract

Event

UEG Week Berlin 2025

Session

Disease primer: Microbiome in diagnosis and treatment of GI disorders

Citation

United European Gastroenterology Journal 2025; 13 (Supplement 8)

Published

2025

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UEG Presentation

Share via Email Share on Facebook Share on X Share on LinkedIn Share on Bluesky

MYELOID MAS REGULATES PKM2-MEDIATED SPI1 LACTYLATION TO PROGRAM THE METABOLIC-INFLAMMATORY SENESCENCE AXIS OF MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM DURING THE METABOLIC DYSFUNCTION-ASSOCIATED STEATOTIC LIVER DISEASE (MASLD)

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